In this article, residential segregation in the city of Tehran has been investigated. The segregation of different social groups has been investigated through scientific methods and proper indexation. In recent years, this segregation has been looked at from two perspectives, on group believes in increasing differentiation, and the other emphasizes the polarization, duality or zonality of the social spatial of the cities. In this article, in lieu of the important consequences of residential segregation in cities, the assumption of the spatial separation of different socio-economic groups has been tested using different statistical indications. The result confirm the separation of different social status and its dimension have been proven according to the regions.

This paper is an anthropological investigation of the effects of the emphasis on gender segregation in private and public spaces on the quality of intimate relationships between girls and boys. Policymakers pursue an emphasis on spatial gender segregation with the goal of promoting moral health and preserving the Islamic identity of cities. To assess how policymakers’,goals regarding spatial gender segregation affect users’,actions and attitudes, we took advantage of the participation of two groups of girls with different lifestyles. One of these two groups, which adheres strongly to gendered spatial segregation rules, was identified as having an inflexible lifestyle and compared to the other group, which adheres more flexibly to gender segregation and is referred to as the flexible lifestyle group. Lefebvre’, s theory was used to emphasize space as a social product and to distinguish between spatial action, spatial representation, and representative space. The research method was ethnographic and comparative, focusing on participant observation techniques and ethnographic interviews. The research shows that inflexible gender segregation is associated with secrecy and riskier decisions. Thus, the research shows that inflexible spatial segregation does not meet the moral and identity goals of policymakers.

Spatial segregation is both a reflection of the existing social structure and a mechanism to enforce that structure. In Tehran, the dramatic increase in the capacity of universities and educational institutions has led to a significant rise in the number of graduates with a university degree, but it is still unclear to what extent spatial segregation exists based on education levels. Therefore, the aim of this article is to investigate the spatial segregation of the population based on gender and education level in Tehran Metropolitan Area. 2011 census data were analyzed using spatial statistics and analysis by GeoDa and Geo-Segregation Analyzer software. The results show that the degree of spatial segregation of individuals with university education is higher than other educational groups, and the groups with lower education are more integrated and living in the south and south-east regions of the city. The level of spatial segregation of women with higher education is more than men. The results of this study are consistent with the historical north-south socio-spatial patterns. In addition, the results indicate that individuals are in clusters with similar socioeconomic characteristics. Finally, the metropolis of Tehran is experiencing considerable segregation between different social strata.

In the foundations of religious epistemology, the school of segregation on reason using is one of the sources of knowledge that presents a different image from the common images. The lack of clear logic in presenting opinions by the school of segregationists makes their views ambiguous. In the present article, first, the epistemological foundations of the segregation view are presented, which are: tools of knowledge, sources of knowledge, and the criterion of accuracy and correctness of cognition. Then, the claim of the believers in the school of segregation is that the intellect in the philosophical sense is not one of the tools of examined knowledge. According to this claim, the only role that man has in creating knowledge is the unequivocal acceptance of revelatory teachings. Hence, the concept intended by the segregationists about reason does not have the necessary conviction. The current article aims to prove that there must be a common criterion for distinguishing right from wrong. Therefore, by abandoning the tools of reason, a correct understanding of the revelation taught can’, t be achieved. Religious knowledge is the product of the measurement and interaction of both intellectual knowledge and narrative knowledge. Also the view of the school of segregation in this issue has been criticized and examined using an intra-religious and a critical-analytical method.

Background and Aim: Human beings receive a variety of sounds in their everyday lives. These sounds are generated by different sources, and are heard simultaneously or with a small time sequence. A characteristic of the auditory system is its ability to analyze complex sounds, and to make decisions about the source of each constituent part of these sounds. The present study intends to assess normative variation of auditory stream segregation in adults.Methods: This study has a cross-sectional design and was conducted on 40 normal adults with the age range of 18 to 35. Stimuli were presented in the form of pure tones A and B as ABAABA triplet pattern at the intensity level of 40 dBSL. The A tone frequency was selected as the basis at 500, 1000, and 2000 Hz. The B tone was presented with a difference of half to twelve and half semitones above the basis tone frequency in each phase.Results: The fission boundary (FB) threshold was obtained in 500-2000 Hz. FB threshold was better in low frequencies than high frequencies.FB thresholds were independent of frequency when expressed as equivalent rectangular bandwidth (ERB).Conclusion: Fission boundary threshold increased with the increase of frequency. When we used ERB, FB threshold was independent of frequency.